Services

Prenatal Testing

Kypro’s Scan Centre is a leading provider of ultrasound scan prenatal testing. Their team of experienced and qualified professionals provide comprehensive prenatal testing services to ensure the health and safety of the mother and baby. They use advanced ultrasound technology to detect any potential problems during pregnancy, allowing for early diagnosis and treatment. With their help, expectant mothers can have peace of mind knowing that their unborn baby is in good hands.

Invasive Testing

Amniocentesis and Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS) are invasive diagnostic procedures that allow testing of fetal chromosomes and other genetic disorders. They are most commonly used to diagnose chromosomal abnormalities such as Down Syndrome but they can also be used to detect some inherited genetic disorders in high risk families.

Chorion Villus Sampling

  • Chorion villus sampling (CVS) involves the examination of chorionic villi (placental tissue). Both the baby and placenta (afterbirth) originate from the same cell and so the chromosomes present in the cells of the placenta are the same as those of the baby.
  • Local anaesthetic is given. A fine needle is then passed through the mother’s abdomen and a sample of villi is taken. The needle is carefully observed using ultrasound scan.
  • The procedure lasts 1 minute and afterwards we check that the fetal heart beat is normal.
  • For the first couple of days you may experience some abdominal discomfort, period-like pain or a little bleeding. These are relatively common and in the vast majority of cases the pregnancy continues without any problems.
  • You may find it helpful to take simple painkillers like paracetamol.
    If there is a lot of pain or bleeding or if you develop a temperature please seek medical advice.
  • The results for Down’s syndrome and other major chromosomal defects are usually available within 1 weeks. The results for rare defects take 2 weeks. As soon as we get the results, we will call you to let you know.
  • In approximately 1% of cases the invasive test will need to be repeated because the results are inconclusive.
  • The risk of miscarriage due to CVS is about 1% and this is the same as the risk from amniocentesis at 16 weeks. If you were to miscarry due to the test, this would happen within the next five days.
  • Some studies have shown that when CVS is performed before 10 weeks there is a small risk of abnormality in the baby’s fingers and/or toes. To avoid this risk we never perform CVS before 11 weeks.
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Amniocentesis

  • Amniocentesis involves the examination of cells in the fluid from around the fetus (amniotic fluid).
    The cells in the amniotic fluid originate from the baby and so the chromosomes present in these cells are the same as those of the baby.
  • Amniocentesis involves passing a thin needle into the uterus in order to remove a small volume of amniotic fluid. The needle is carefully observed using ultrasound scan.
  • The fluid is fetal urine and the amount removed by amniocentesis reaccumulates within a few hours.
  • The procedure lasts 1 minute and afterwards we check that the fetal heart beat is normal.
  • For the first couple of days you may experience some abdominal discomfort or period-like pain. You may find it helpful to take simple painkillers like paracetamol.
  • If there is a lot of pain, bleeding, loss of fluid from your vagina or if you develop a temperature please seek medical advice.
  • The results for Down’s syndrome and other major chromosomal defects are usually available within 3 days. The results for rare defects take 2 weeks. As soon as we get the results, we will call you to let you know
  • The risk of miscarriage due to amniocentesis is about 1% and this is the same as the risk from chorion villus sampling. If you were to miscarry due to the test, this would happen within the next five days.
  • Some studies have shown that when amniocentesis is performed before 16 weeks there is a small risk of the baby developing club feet. To avoid this risk we never perform amniocentesis before 16 weeks.

Fetal Reduction

Fetal Reduction is a procedure used to reduce the number of fetuses in a multiple pregnancy, usually to two to decrease the health risks to the mother & decrease the risk of complications to the remaining fetuses. The goal of fetal reduction is to increase the chance of a successful, healthy pregnancy.

If a pregnancy involves 3 or more fetuses, the risks of miscarriage, stillbirth premature rupture of membrane, early delivery, structural malformation & early neonatal death increase with each additional fetus. 

Premature delivery affects babies’ lungs, heart, stomach, and brain . It can cause long term health issues in babies like cerebral palsy, intellectual disability, and vision & hearing loss, obesity chronic hypertension  & diabetes

Maternal risk like anaemia, gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, antepartum & postpartum haemorrhage also increases with multiple pregnancies.  It further causes economic & mental challenges to family. Parents of multiples pregnancies are at an increased risk of severe stress and depression

Multifetal pregnancy reduction may maximize the woman’s health and the health of her surviving neonates. It substantially increases the duration of pregnancy, reduces the incidence of premature delivery which in turn has the benefit of increasing the baby’s birth weight and reducing neonatal  morbidity & mortality along with shortening the neonatal intensive care stay. The benefits are even more pronounced with quadruplets and other higher order multiple pregnancies.

Non-Invasive Testing

ULTRASOUND: A TRIMESTER-BY-TRIMESTER GUIDE

During an ultrasound your doctor or a skilled technician uses a plastic transducer to transmit high-frequency sound waves through your uterus. These sound waves send signals back to a machine that converts them into images of your baby.

Depending on your stage of pregnancy, scans can:

  • Check that your baby has a heartbeat.
  • Say whether you’re pregnant with one baby or twins or more.
  • Detect an ectopic pregnancy, where the embryo implants outside the womb, usually in the fallopian tube.
  • Find out the cause of any bleeding you may be having.
  • Accurately date your pregnancy by measuring your baby.
  • Assess your baby’s risk of Down’s syndrome by measuring fluid at the back of your baby’s neck at 11 weeks to 13 weeks plus six days (nuchal translucency (NT) scan).
  • Find out why a blood screening test was abnormal.
  • Help with diagnostic tests, such as CVS or amniocentesis, by showing the position of the baby and placenta.
  • Examine your baby to see if all his organs are normal.
  • Diagnose most abnormalities, such as spina bifida.
  • Assess the amount of amniotic fluid you have and find out where the placenta lies.
  • Measure your baby’s rate of growth over several scans

How is an ultrasound carried out?

The sonographer will put some gel on your tummy and move a hand-held device (transducer) over your skin to pick up images of your baby.

If you’re having a scan in early pregnancy, you’ll need to drink a few glasses of water beforehand. A full bladder helps the ultrasound echoes to reach your womb, giving the sonographer a good view of your baby.

If your baby’s still deep in your pelvis, or if you’re overweight, the image won’t be very clear. In this case, your sonographer may suggest a vaginal scan. This will give a much clearer picture of your baby, especially if you’re at an early stage of pregnancy.

Your first ultrasound, also known as a sonogram, will take place when you’re around 6 to 8 weeks pregnant.At this stage, your baby is very small and your uterus and fallopian tubes are closer to your birth canal than to your abdomen, so your ob-gyn will conduct the test transvaginally to get a clearer picture

Why it’s important

Your ob-gyn listens for your baby’s heartbeat and estimates his age by measuring his length from head to bottom. From this test, your doctor will be able to determine

  • A more accurate due date
  • Track milestones during your pregnancy.
  • Your ob-gyn will also rule out a tubal (ectopic) pregnancy, which is when the fetus grows in the fallopian tube instead of the uterus. (Don’t worry: This occurs only 1 percent of the time.)
  • Your ob-gyn will also be able to tell if you’re pregnant with multiples.

This ultrasound, called an anatomy scan, lasts 20 to 45 minutes if you’re having one baby, longer if you’re having multiples. Your ob-gyn uses it to assess the baby’s growth and make sure all of her organs are developing properly.You’ll be able to see your baby’s developing body in great detail, but it can be hard for an untrained eye to distinguish the kidneys from the stomach. It’s an emotional experience to see your child up there on the TV screen.

Why it’s important

This is the most thorough checkup your baby will have before she is born.

The doctor will check your

  • Baby’s heart rate
  • Look for abnormalities in her brain, heart, kidneys, and liver.
  • Count your baby’s fingers and toes,
  • Check for birth defects,
  • Examine the placenta
  • Measure the amniotic fluid level.

For many pregnant women, their last ultrasound takes place at their 20-week anatomy scan. If you’ve gone past your due date, your doctor may want to keep a close eye on your baby with fetal heart-rate monitoring and ultrasounds to assess the amniotic fluid levels. Other reasons for third-trimester ultrasounds include concerns about the health of the placenta and questions about whether your baby’s growth is on track

Why it’s important

Most Expecting mothers don’t need an ultrasound in the third trimester, but if you’re over age 35 or your doctor wants to closely monitor your baby’s growth, you may get one or more before baby is born.

Other reasons for third-trimester ultrasounds include

  • Low levels of amniotic fluid
  • Bleeding
  • Pre-term contractions.

You’ll also get a follow up scan if your cervix was covered by the placenta at your 20-week scan. In 95 percent of cases the placenta moves away from your cervix by your due date, but if yours is still covering the placenta (this is called placenta previa), your ob-gyn may recommend a cesarean section (C-section) delivery.

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